The virus infects a certain type of white blood cell called b lymphocytes. Infectious mononucleosis in children symptoms and treatment. The virus occurs worldwide, and most people become infected with ebv sometime during their lives. The disease occurs worldwide with no seasonal predilection. This information should not be used in lieu of medical care. Communicable disease guide for schools and child care settings schoolchildcare guidance august 2014 mononucleosis mononucleosis mono is often seen in high school and college students.
Infectious mononucleosis im, mono, also known as glandular fever, is an infection usually caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. Mononucleosis is an infection caused by the epsteinbarr virus. A handout on infectious mononucleosis, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 1289. Supportive care is the cornerstone, with little role for. Pdf clinical and laboratory characteristics of infectious.
The familiar nickname for mononucleosis or mono, the kissing disease, is somewhat misleading. On occasion, mono can cause a more prolonged illness with protracted sore throat and profound fatigue. Mononucleosis mahnonookleeohsus, or infectious mononucleosis, usually is caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. Or a child may get it after sharing a glass, fork, or spoon with someone who has. Characteristically it consists of fever, lymphadenopaty and acute. Most people are infected by the virus as children, when the disease produces few or no symptoms. Infectious mononucleosis is commonly encountered in young athletes. Prepared by hennepin county human services and public health department hsphd. Call the national domestic violence hotline at 18007997233 or connect to. Ebv is a wellknown pathogen for infectious mononucleosis im.
A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. In general, mononucleosis is not considered a serious illness. Classic physical findings include fever, splenomegaly, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy. Its disease pattern is variable and can affect multiple organ systems. Health center to help evaluate your symptoms and possibly test your blood for evidence of mono. Division of disease control what do i need to know. The viru s is shed in saliva and spreads through direct contact ebv spreads through contact with the saliva of another person who has the virus. Pediatric infectious mononucleosis childrens national. Characteristically it consists of fever, lymphadenopaty and acute pharyingitis and ocasionally it will also present. Acute infectious mononucleosis im is a common illness that presents to urgent care facilities. Simple blood tests may be done to help confirm the diagnosis. In underdeveloped countries, people are exposed in early childhood where they are unlikely to develop noticeable symptoms. Mononucleosis mono is an infectious disease caused most often by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. For further information please call your local public health unit on 0 066 055.
While it is true that the epsteinbarr virus ebv is responsible for 85 percent of mono diagnoses and can be contracted from another persons saliva, a teenager might acquire it through drinking out of the same glass or sharing a straw with a person who is infected. Symptoms of mono can include, sore throat, swollen glands lymph nodesespecially. Learn from the experts at webmd how to spot the signs of mono and get the right treatment. About 50% of those infected will develop symptoms of infectious mononucleosis. No, unless he or she is unable to participate and the staff determines they cannot care for the child without compromising their ability to care for the safety and health of the other children in the group. Infectious mononucleosis aka mono ucsc health center. It is recognized most frequently in adolescents and young adults from developed countries for reasons that are not completely understood. Youll need to see your doctor to find out if you have it. The viru s is shed in saliva and spreads through direct contact. The presenting symptoms of acute im can range from the obvious, such as persistent exudative tonsillitis and marked cervical lymphadenopathy, to the more vague symptoms of fatigue and malaise. Infectious mononucleosis is a clinical entity characterized by pharyngitis, cervical lymph node enlargement, fatigue and fever. Cases are not excluded from childcare, school or work, but should be advised on how to help prevent spread and encouraged to rest at home until they feel better. We collect anonymous health data to support medical research and population health initiatives. There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis.
Mononucleosis is often referred to as mono or the kissing. However, contact sports should be avoided for the first three weeks of symptoms onset. An excess incidence of infectious mononucleosis was observed among subjects from upper socioeconomic groups. Mononucleosis, or mono, has a wide range of symptoms, which can make it hard to diagnose. Its contagious, but youre less likely to catch mono than other illnesses like the common cold. Cause of infectious mononucleosis infectious mononucleosis mono is caused by an epsteinbarr virus ebv infection. Mononucleosis is an infection caused by the epstein. Infectious mononucleosis, also known as mononucleosis, mono, or glandular fever, is characterized by swollen lymph glands and chronic fatigue. Mononucleosis diagnostico y tratamiento mayo clinic. Mononucleosis tests including the monospot test and ebv antibody test are blood tests. Contact your kaiser permanente health education center or department for health information, programs, and other resources.
Anemia, which occurs when red blood cells in the blood are destroyed earlier than normal hepatitis with jaundice more common in patients older than 35 swollen or inflamed testicles. Your doctor can advise on treatment for symptoms such as fever and sore throat. Communicable disease guide for schools and child care. A 16yearold, previously healthy girl presents with a severalday history of fever, sore throat, and malaise. People get it through contact with saliva, mucus from the nose and throat, and sometimes tears. Most people get infected with ebv at some point in their lives. Epsteinbarr mononucleosis references and resources. Up to 15% of mono patients will initially have negative blood tests, so it may be necessary to repeat the test in one to two weeks. Feb 27, 2015 infectious mononucleosis is the name coined by sprunt and evans in 1920 1 for an acute infectious disease consisting of fever, cervical lymphadenopathy and pharyngitis accompanied by atypical large peripheral blood lymphocytes. Infectious mononucleosis im is a common childhoodadolescent illness. While most people are exposed to the epsteinbarr virus sometime in their lives, very few go on to develop the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis. Infectious mononucleosis mono is an illness caused by several viral agents, most commonly the epsteinbarr virus ebv.
Mononucleosis mono fact sheet contra costa health services. Ebv has been associated to malignancy in patients with immunodeficiency. Infectious mononucleosis mono is an epsteinbarr virus ebv infection of the lymphatic system. Mononucleosis, or mono, is a viral infection that causes fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph glands, most often in the neck. Infectious mononucleosis mono is caused by a virus the epsteinbarr virus ebv that causes mononucleosis is a type of herpes virus. Mono is spread by saliva, and the virus is usually present in a. If you are hit, hurt, or threatened by a partner or spouse, this can seriously affect your health. Infectious mononucleosis osdh 1006 public health fact sheet public health fact sheet for further information call or visit us on the world wide web acute disease service. Mononucleosis infecciosa enfermedades infecciosas manual.
This document was prepared by the staff of the uwsp university health service. Mononucleosis tests are blood tests to look for antibodies that indicate mononucleosis mono, which is usually caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. Mononucleosis, also known commonly as mono, is a viral illness. Infectious mononucleosis is most contagious while your child has a fever. Mononucleosis mono fact sheet what is mononucleosis mono. The diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is based on the clinical. While you can get the virus that causes it through kissing, you can also get it in other ways like sharing drinks or utensils. Infectious mononucleosis is a viral illness caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. Mono is an extremely common illness in children and young adults, with many cases being mild and resolving promptly without the patient feeling sick enough to seek medical care. It most commonly occurs in adolescents and young adults. The socioeconomic status of 80 patients with infectious mononucleosis was compared with the socioeconomic distribution of the general population in the same area of southwest london. Mono is usually a mild illness that goes away without treatment. Mononucleosis fact sheet infectious mononucleosis mono is caused by a virus the epsteinbarr virus ebv that causes mononucleosis is a type of herpes virus.
Mononucleosis mono is a viral infection that causes a sore throat and fever. Abstract the infectious mononucleosis im etiology its attributed to several virus, mainly epsteinbarr virus ebv, discovered by epstein, achong and barr 36years ago. You may have heard it called mono, epstein barr virus, or the kissing disease. Thats because someone who has this infection can pass it to others by kissing them. Mononucleosischild care and schools patient education. Diagnosis can be tricky because sometimes the blood test for mono does not become positive until you have been ill for as long as 23 weeks. Mononucleosis mono fact sheet university health services. Mononucleosis is caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv, also known as human herpesvirus 4. Infectious mononucleosis disease fact sheet spanish. Mononucleosis is an infectious illness thats sometimes called mono or the kissing disease. Overall, mononucleosis is only slightly contagious from contacts.
Boyfriends, girlfriends, roommates, and relatives rarely get it. Epsteinbarr virus is a member of the herpes virus family and one of the most common human viruses. A medical history and physical exam are the most important ways a health professional can diagnose mono. Infectious mononucleosis allergy and clinical immunology. See page 1201 for definitions of strengthofrecommendation labels.
Infectious mononucleosis, also known as mono or the kissing disease, is an infection that may cause fever, sore throat, fatigue, andor enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. His or her symptoms may be enough to diagnose mononucleosis. After the fever is gone, the virus is still carried in the saliva for up to 6 months, but in small amounts. Infectious mononucleosis im is a widely spread systemic viral disease caused in 90% of cases by the epsteinbarr virus evb and approximately 95% of the adult population is ebvseropositive. Your childs health care provider will do a complete medical history and physical examination. The information contributes to major improvements in the health of communities. Mono is caused by epsteinbarr virus ebv, a member of the herpesvirus family. It is most commonly caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv. Fact sheet infectious mononucleosis public health fact sheet. Infectious mononucleosis, also known as mono, is an illness that usually affects adolescents and young adults.
Current diagnosis and management of infectious mononucleosis. The antibodies are made by the immune system to fight an infection. Once a person gets the epsteinbarr virus, he or she is not likely to get mononucleosis again, unless it is from cmv. Cause most of the cases are caused by epsteinbarr virus ebv. A disease most commonly caused by the epsteinbarr virus also called ebv or human herpesvirus 4 and sometimes by ot. Mononucleosis mono is an infectious disease caused most often by the epstein barr virus ebv. Mononucleosis is sometimes called the kissing disease, but kissing isnt the only way you can get it. Manual msd please confirm that you are a health care professional. At student health services, results are usually available within 24 hours or less. You may have heard mononucleosis, or mono, called the kissing disease. There is a rapid screening test done at the student health center which is quite specific for diagnosing mono, although in the early stages of illness the test may not yet have turned. Infectious mononucleosis is either caused by the epsteinbarr virus ebv or the cytomegalovirus, both of whom are members of the herpes simplex virus family. Pdf infectious mononucleosis im or mononucleosis syndrome is caused by an acute infection of epsteinbarr virus. But it also can spread when people with mono share toothbrushes, straws, or anything that might have their saliva on it.
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